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文化的三大层次

There are also several levels of culture. On the material level, a culture

has an economy that provides a way to produce and exchange material goods in

order to survive. A material culture provides humans a way to feed, shelter, and

clothe themselves. On the social level, a culture gives humans a way to organize

themselves. Social culture involves kinship and family. It also gives societies

a work life and political structure. The last level of culture involves the

ideological. It gives a group of people a unique way of thinking about beliefs,

values, and ideals. All of these different aspects of culture give humans an

understanding of how the world works and how they live and act in their own

environment.

文化干扰的概念

Culture jamming is the act of transforming mass media to produce commentary

about itself, using the original medium’s communication method. It is a form of

public activism which is generally in opposition to commercialism, and the

vectors of corporate image. The aim of culture jamming is to create a contrast

between corporate or mass media images and the realities or perceived negative

side of the corporation or media. This is done symbolically, with the

“detournement” of pop iconography.

Culture jamming is based on the idea that advertising is little more than

propaganda for established interests, and that there is a lack of an available

means for alternative expression in industrialized nations. Proponents see

culture jamming as a resistance movement to the hegemony of popular culture,

based on the ideas of “guerrilla communication”.

Culture jamming’s intent differs from that of artistic appropriation (which

is done for art’s sake) and vandalism (where destruction or defacement is the

primary goal), although its results are not always so easily

distinguishable.

文化同化的概念

Cultural assimilation (often called merely assimilation) is an intense

process of consistent integration whereby members of an ethno-cultural group

(such us immigrants, or minority groups) are “absorbed” into an established,

generally larger community. This presumes a loss of many characteristics of the

absorbed group.

Assimilation can be the process through which people lose originally

differentiating traits, such as dress, speech particularities or mannerisms,

when they come into contact with another society or culture.

Assimilation may be voluntary, which is usually the case with immigrants, or

forced upon a group, as is usually the case with the receiving “host” group or

country. A region or society where assimilation is occurring is sometimes

referred to as a melting pot.