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媒体偏见： 妇女

As for women, a report which analyzed media coverage of women, found that the

white male, as reported by the media, is the subtle norm by which all else is

gauged. For example, when the subject is a white male, reference to his race and

gender is rarely noted, whereas descriptive phrases, such as black leader or

female candidate are often employed in addition to that person‟s name and title.

Images and beliefs concerning women are far more prominent in our society than

those of men. Women are always the ones cooking, cleaning, doing household tasks

or taking care of children. They are portrayed as being emotionally and

physically inferior and submissive to men. Women are visualized as weak

creatures. They tend to be confined to a life dictated by family and personal

relationships. Men always dominate television programs. Figures show that in

television drama women are outnumbered by men 3:1 or 4:1; in cartoons women are

outnumbered 10:1; and in soap operas women are outnumbered 7:3. In daily shows

such as soap operas, women are usually hysterical, crying and emotionally out of

control. This personifies women as being the inferior sex, which leads to many

false stereotypes. Women as sex objects are the most common stereotype of women

on television.

媒体偏见： 少数族群

Minorities are unfairly misrepresented in the media in a stereotyped way. In

an article from USA Today magazine, it illustrated that if you have watched,

listened to, and read media all your life, you probably have filed these images

into your thinking process: African-Americans are mostly rap stars, professional

athletes, drug addicts, welfare mothers, criminals and/or murderers; Latinos are

illegal aliens, ignorant immigrants who take, but give little back to the

country and can‟t even speak the language, or drug-crazed thugs who have no

respect for law or order; Asian-Americans are either weak, model citizens or

inscrutable, manipulative, or uncaring invaders of business, especially in the

United States; Native Americans are illiterate, drunken Indians who hate all

Caucasians and sleep away their lives. If you are like most middle-class

Americans, most of what you know about members of other races or religions comes

from what you read in the paper, hear on radio, or see on television. It is easy

to see that racial and ethnic stereotypes still dominate much of reporting

today. In today‟s media, African-Americans, Latinos, Asian-Americans and Native

Americans either are treated as invisible or the source of a particular problem:

crime, immigration, or the economy.

媒体偏见： 语言的作用

Mass media, despite its ability to project worldwide, is limited in its

cross-ethnic compatibility by one simple attribute—language. Ethnicity, being

largely developed by a divergence in geography, language, culture, genes and

similarly, point of view, has the potential to be countered by a common source

of information. Therefore, language, in the absence of translation, comprises a

barrier to a worldwide community of debate and opinion, although it is also true

that media within

any given society may be split along class, political or regional lines.

Furthermore, if the language is translated, the translator has room to shift a

bias by choosing weighed words for translation.