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艺术心理学的发展

Art psychology developed in opposition to 19th century philosophical

aesthetics which approached art by first asking about beauty and metaphysics.

For most art psychologists, beauty is culturally or socially contingent. Art

psychology was, however, also developed initially in opposition to Husserlian

phenomenology which made no normative judgments about meaning. Most branches of

art psychology emphasize the primacy of consciousness, but there are variants

which engage the question of the subconscious. Generally speaking, however,

those interested in the psychology of art express optimism about art and its

meanings that moves them away from the concepts discussed by Freud.

艺术心理学及其三大原则

In the narrow sense, there is no discipline “the psychology of art”, for

unlike other branches of psychology, with their numerous academies and research

programs, there are few Psychology of Art programs in the universities.

Nonetheless, the literature on the topic is extensive, given that the issues

addressed by art psychology have attracted both professional psychologists as

well as non-professionals; it has attracted those who write about the arts,

including music and architecture, and those who produce it.

The general principles that guide most of the work in art psychology are:

1. that art is perceptual and that it can thus be studied by asking questions

about our perceptions;

2. that art operates in a cultural continuum and that one can come to terms

with the continuum through analysis of art;

3. that the production of art is a meaningful enterprise and as such is an

important avenue by which one comes to terms with human creativity.

艺术与科学联系紧密

Although art is viewed as a flowery pastime by most people, it can be seen in

artistic discovery and advancements, through the recreation and entertainment

that most people enjoy today, and through the lives and works of those we

consider to be artists that art is amazingly concerned with science. The

development of art forms such as photography was made possible because of

scientific discoveries. The earliest photograph is attributed to

Joseph-Nicephore Niepce. Although his first photograph was no where near as

clear and glossy as what we would consider to be a photograph, his scientific

discovery allowed for further development in the area. Robert Kunzig writes

Niepce used particles of asphalt, hardened by the sun and rinsed in lavender oil

to capture his pictures.

艺术和科学对教育的重要性

It is not solely important to be an expert in one area, but almost necessary

to be accomplished in as many different things as possible to truly understand

the nature of anything. When schools deny children the opportunities to study

art, music, and other creative outlets they are denying the children the

opportunity to develop in all areas. The basic academic areas of English,

history, math, and science are jam packed with all sorts of artistic

opportunities. Art like science allows people to create. Writing and English

allow people to express their thoughts. Music and math allow people to break

down, add up and explain other areas of life. History is the greatest reflection

of man kind’s art and creation throughout the years. One area of study can not

make such as large impact as they can all together. It is a shame to deny anyone

the opportunity to cultivate an intense amount of information, in effect

limiting the impact they can make on society. If the budget does not allow for

extra classes such as music and art the answer is not to eliminate these areas

from the curriculum all together, but rather integrate them into other subject

areas. Where would we be if the great people of our history had not been

Renaissance men?