GRE写作Issue部分精品素材分享之自省与学习

北京GRE培训,GRE备考资料,GRE网课,GRE培训机构,GRE保分班,GRE真题,GRE课程

想要在GRE作文部分的考试中写出优秀的文章，论据素材是重要的一环。好的论据不仅能帮助你支撑观点，加强说服力，还能体现出考生在阅读量上的积累和深厚扎实的语言功底基础。特别是ISSUE作文，更是需要大量好素材作为储备，才能保证考生无论遭遇那种题目，都能游刃有余地完成一篇高分作文的写作。小编为大家整理了GRE

ISSUE作文各类题目的精品优质素材，一起来看吧。

自省的概念

Introspection is the self-observation and reporting of conscious inner

thoughts, desires and sensations. It is a conscious mental and usually purposive

process relying on thinking, reasoning, and examining one’s own thoughts,

feelings, and, in more spiritual cases, one’s soul. It can also be called

contemplation of one’s self, and is contrasted with extrospection, the

observation of things external to one’s self. Introspection may be used

synonymously with self-reflection and used in a similar way.

Behaviorists claimed that introspection was unreliable and that the subject

matter of scientific psychology should be strictly operationalized in an

objective and measurable way. This then led psychology to focus on measurable

behavior rather than consciousness or sensation. Cognitive psychology accepts

the use of the scientific method, but rejects introspection as a valid method of

investigation for this reason. It should be noted that Herbert Simon and Allen

Newell identified the “thinking-aloud” protocol, in which investigators view a

subject engaged in introspection, and who speaks his thoughts aloud, thus

allowing study of his introspection.

自省在科学上的作用

On the other hand, introspection can be considered a valid tool for the

development of scientific hypotheses and theoretical models, in particular, in

cognitive sciences and engineering. In practice, functional (goal-oriented)

computational modeling and computer simulation design of meta-reasoning and

metacognition are closely connected with the introspective experiences of

researchers and engineers.

Introspection was used by German physiologist Wilhelm Wundt in the

experimental psychology laboratory he had founded in Leipzig in 1879. Wundt

believed that by using introspection in his experiments he would gather

information into how the subjects’ minds were working, thus he wanted to examine

the mind into its basic elements. Wundt did not invent this way of looking into

an individual’s mind through their experiences; rather, it can date to Socrates.

Wundt’s distinctive contribution was to take this method into the experimental

arena and thus into the newly formed field of psychology.

课程需求的多样性和变化性

Today in such a changing society it would be impossible to have a national

curriculum not reflecting such change. Living in a changing environment effects

and changes what each individual in the state is expected to know. This is very

much enlightened when living in a fast changing world where what was true

yesterday turns to be false tomorrow. Who would ever thought taught that the

word Internet would have been mentioned in the National Minimum Curriculum in

the late 1980s and early 1990s when it was still just a network with the aim of

linking data between major Universities and in no one’s vocabulary? Such change

in education may be one aspect that has contributed to the philosophy adopted

for the change in the national curriculum and this change has been designed with

a clear vision in mind.

终身学习的必要性

Till some years ago, it was enough to have fathers teach their skills to

their son and mothers to their daughters; they again would repeat the process

with their children and so on. Even still, it is not the case of having the

child learning something different from the parent. Today, it’s the case that

what the child learns is different throughout all stages in life. This takes us

to lifelong learning. As discussed during the lectures today, this is a fact of

life. If you don’t learn, you don’t survive, economically, socially and all the

rest. Such vision is shown throughout the curriculum.

Today we need to give skills to our pupils amongst which the skill of

learning, that is, knowing how to learn, is the most important. Such vision will

require teaching how to access information and where to find it rather than

giving out information in itself. We need to teach how to use the Internet that

is the biggest resource. More areas that such curriculum vision would require

within society would be teaching how to use libraries, having social skills,

interact and share. The teachers should help in social management skills. This

NMC does not encourage traditional teaching, as it isn’t concerned about

teaching skills but teaching facts. Such approach would require a change in the

methods the teachers use.