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亚里士多德观点： 领导美德

Aristotle would answer that virtuous leaders have responsibilities to both

their owners and their workers. If there’s a conflict between the two, it is the

leaders’ duty to create conditions in which those interests can be made the

same. He would remind us that while most potential leaders measure themselves

solely in terms of their effectiveness in obtaining and maintaining power,

virtuous ones also measure themselves by ethical standards of justice. He was

talking about political leaders but, by extension, in the modern business

context, it is appropriate that executives are evaluated not only in terms of

their effectiveness in generating wealth for shareholders but also by the

opportunity they provide for their followers to find meaning and opportunity for

development in their workplaces.

功能型领导模型

In the functional leadership model, one conceives of leadership not as a

person but rather as a set of behaviors that help a group perform their task or

reach their goal. The model says that the leadership function meets needs in

areas:

1. Task

2. Team

3. Individuals

领导才能在社会变化中的作用

Change can be looked upon by some people as influential and beneficial. These

people are classified as bridges. A bridge is an individual who links two or

more cliques in a system from his or her position as a member of one of the

cliques. Bridges play a vital part in incorporating change within an

organization because of their communication connections and influence within

their

primary circle. This is an individual who should be sought out to assist with

introducing a change or diffusion of an innovation. If a bridge can be

influenced to accept a change, then he or she might persuade the primary group

and possibly influence other groups in a positive manner about change. When

there is a need for effective change, concurrently, there is a need for

effective leadership. As stated in Take It From the Top, never is leadership

more sought after than in times of change and uncertainty. Effective change

leadership is the key to shifting people’s perceptions from seeing change as a

threat to seeing it is an exciting challenge.