SAT写作素材之Informational social influence

北京sat培训,sat备考资料,sat网课,sat培训机构,sat保分班,sat真题

以下关于informational social

influence的SAT写作素材的全部内容 ，非常实用的材料。大家在备考SAT写作考试的时候，可以借鉴这些材料的写作方法和写作用词，以便更好的应对SAT写作考试。

SAT作文题目SAT Essay Theme Topic –Informational social influence

Microscopically, informational social influence occurs when one turns to the

members of one's group to obtain accurate information. A person is most likely

to use informational social influence in certain situations: when a situation is

ambiguous, people become uncertain about what to do and they are more likely to

depend on others for the answer; and during a crisis when immediate action is

necessary, in spite of panic. Looking to other people can help ease fears, but

unfortunately they are not always right. The more knowledgeable a person is, the

more valuable they are as a resource. Thus people often turn to experts for

help. But once again people must be careful, as experts can make mistakes too.

Informational social influence often results in internalization or private

acceptance, where a person genuinely believes that the information is right.

Informational social influence was first documented in Muzafer Sherif's

autokinetic experiment.[3] He was interested in how many people change their

opinions to bring them in line with the opinion of a group. Participants were

placed in a dark room and asked to stare at a small dot of light 15 feet away.

They were then asked to estimate the amount it moved. The trick was there was no

movement, it was caused by a visual illusion known as the autokinetic effect.

Every person perceived different amounts of movement. Over time, the same

estimate was agreed on and others conformed to it. Sherif suggested this was a

simulation for how social norms develop in a society, providing a common frame

of reference for people.

Subsequent experiments were based on more realistic situations. In an

eyewitness identification task, participants were shown a suspect individually

and then in a lineup of other suspects. They were given one second to identify

him, making it a difficult task. One group was told that their input was very

important and would be used by the legal community. To the other it was simply a

trial. Being more motivated to get the right answer increased the tendency to

conform. Those who wanted to be most accurate conformed 51% of the time as

opposed to 35% in the other group.[4]

Economists have suggested that fads and trends in society form as the result

of individuals making rational choices based on information received from

others. These informational cascades form quickly as people decide to ignore

their internal signals and go along with what other people are doing.[5]

Cascades are presumed fragile, because people are aware that they are based on

limited information. This is why fads often end as quickly as they begin.