【官方】SAT阅读每日一题附答案和解析(2018年1月25日)

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Reading

Read the following passage and question(s) and then select the best

answer(s).

This passage is from Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract ;

Discourses. Originally published in 1762.

The question "What absolutely is the best government?" is unanswerable as

well as indeterminate; or rather, there are as many good answers as there are

possible combinations in the absolute and relative situations of all

nations.

But if it is asked by what sign we may know that a given people is well or

ill governed, that is another matter, and the question, being one of fact,

admits of an answer.

It is not, however, answered, because every-one wants to answer it in his own

way. Subjects extol public tranquility, citizens individual liberty; the one

class prefers security of possessions, the other that of person; the one regards

as the best government that which is most severe, the other maintains that the

mildest is the best; the one wants crimes punished, the other wants them

prevented; the one wants the State to be feared by its neighbours, the other

prefers that it should be ignored; the one is content if money circulates, the

other demands that the people shall have bread. Even if an agreement were come

to on these and similar points, should we have got any further? As moral

qualities do not admit of exact measurement, agreement about the mark does not

mean agreement about the valuation.

For my part, I am continually astonished that a mark so simple is not

recognised, or that men are of so bad faith as not to admit it. What is the end

of political association? The preservation and prosperity of its members. And

what is the surest mark of their preservation and prosperity? Their numbers and

population. Seek then nowhere else this mark that is in dispute. The rest being

equal, the government under which, without external aids, without naturalisation

or colonies, the citizens increase and multiply most, is beyond question the

best. The government under which a people wanes and diminishes is worst.

Calculators, it is left for you to count, to measure, to compare.

Select an Answer

Which choice provides the best evidence for the idea that there is an ideal

but largely overlooked method for determining the best government?

Answer

A

Lines 7 - 11 ("But . . . answer")

Un-selected

Answer

B

Lines 27 - 29 ("Even . . . further")

Un-selected

Answer

C

Lines 33 - 36 ("For . . . it")

Un-selected

Answer

D

Lines 41 - 42 ("Seek . . . dispute")

答案及详细解析：C

A

EXPLANATION

Choice A is incorrect. In these lines, Rousseau acknowledges that there is a

way to determine whether a government is doing a good job or a bad job, but he

does not indicate that the method he has in mind is largely overlooked.

B

EXPLANATION

Choice B is incorrect. In these lines, Rousseau simply asks what would be

gained if people agreed about the appropriate actions for a government to take.

He does not offer a method or describe a method as being overlooked in these

lines.

Correct

Answer

C

EXPLANATION

Choice C is the best answer. In these lines, Rousseau indicates that there is

an obvious and ideal method for determining the best government ("a mark so

simple") even though people tend not to consider it (it "is not recognised"). He

goes on to explain that the best way to determine the best government is to

consider "numbers and population."

D

EXPLANATION

Choice D is incorrect. In these lines, Rousseau refers to the measurement he

believes people should consider, but he does not indicate that the method he

recommends is overlooked.

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