【SAT写作素材】人物经典事例：欧拉

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Euler, Leonhard 1707 – 1783

Mathematician, born in Basel, Switzerland. He studied mathematics there under

Jean Bernoulli, and became professor of physics (1731) and then of mathematics

(1733) at the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences. In 1738 he lost the sight of

one eye. In 1741 he moved to Berlin as director of mathematics and physics in

the Berlin Academy, but returned to St Petersburg in 1766, soon afterwards

losing the sight of his other eye.

He was a giant figure in 18th-c mathematics, publishing over 800 different

books and papers, on every aspect of pure and applied mathematics, physics and

astronomy. His Introductio in analysin infinitorum (1748) and later treatises on

differential and integral calculus and algebra remained standard textbooks for a

century and his notations, such as e and ò have been used ever since.

For the princess of Anhalt-Dessau he wrote Lettres ¨¤ une princesse

d'Allemagne (1768--72), giving a clear non-technical outline of the main

physical theories of the time. He had a prodigious memory, which enabled him to

continue mathematical work and to compute complex calculations in his head when

he was totally blind. He is without equal in the use of algorithms to solve

problems.