2018GMAT语法改错SC高频考点实例讲解 限定和非限定定语从句用法对比分析

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在众多GMAT语法考点当中，限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句一直是出现率比较高的考点了，而GMAT也特别喜欢围绕两者的差异来做文章出题目。考生想要组好这类语法点相关的题目，就需要对两者之间的用法差异有比较清晰的认识，下面来看小编为大家带来的具体对比分析。

GMAT语法大百科语法点：限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的用法说明

在英文中，有两种定语从句：限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句。这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别：

限定性定语从句

限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧奏，对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。如果将其去掉，会影响句子意思的完整性;有时甚至于引起费解、误解。例如：

They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.

他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因。

非限定性定语从句

非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散，它与主句之间有一个逗点"，"隔开;它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用，只起补充、说明的作用。有时也用它来对全句进行补充、说明。即使将其去掉，也不会影响句子意思。由于上述原因，非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句。另外，非限定性定语从句在中文译文里，我们往往将其作为一个分句处理，而不把它作定语翻译。

例如：Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they

presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which was

the form adopted by Ptolemy .

(此句中，非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明。)

更早之前，巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图，但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状。

GMAT限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句用法实例讲解

141.Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is

the same, all patients receiving hearts or other organs must take antirejection

drugs for the rest of their lives.

(A) Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is

the same

(B) Besides transplants involving identical twins with the same genetic

endowment

(C) Unless the transplant involves identical twins, who have the same genetic

endowment

(D) Aside from a transplant between identical twins with the same genetic

endowment

(E) Other than transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment

is the same

选项分析：

In B and D the expression identical twins with the same genetic endowment

wrongly suggests that only some identical twin pairs are genetically identical

(逻辑意思表达的准确性). In E, the construction Other than transplants..., all patients ...

must take... drugs illogically suggests, as in B, that some patients are

transplants.

首先我们要搞清楚整句话的逻辑，是说谁有相同的基因

ABDE选项里的unlike，besides，aside from， other than是用来修饰父母的，是整句话的主语，显然不符合逻辑

C选项用了一个非限制性定语从句来描述定语是修饰twins的

所以最后答案是C