2018年雅思阅读模练习了解一下

北京雅思培训,雅思备考资料,雅思网课,雅思培训机构,雅思保分班,雅思真题,雅思课程

关于为什么要进行雅思阅读模拟练习，各位考生在中高考前都做过无数的模拟考试吧，为了检验

模拟练习前，小编要提醒各位，具体的操作方法

1.

雅思阅读考试的时间是1小时，阅读为3个部分，40题，考试结束前10分钟，监考官会通知你还有10分钟填写答案，建议考生将答案提前誊写到答题纸上，并检查是否有错行问题。

2. 在雅思阅读考试正式开始前，不得提前打开试卷。否则视为作弊，成绩无效。

3. 雅思阅读考试结束后，所有的试卷及答题纸都要上交。

4. 在模拟练习题选题上，不建议选择做过的雅思真题，或事先查看阅读文章的背景。

5. 建议计时进行阅读模拟练习，时间可调快5-10分钟。

本雅思阅读模拟题篇幅较大，翻阅不方便，为还原考试场景，建议考生制成打印文本阅读。

雅思阅读模拟题（一）

1 REFRIGERATORS are the epitome of clunky technology: solid, reliable and

just a little bit dull. They have not changed much over the past century, but

then they have not needed to. They are based on a robust and effective

idea--draw heat from the thing you want to cool by evaporating a liquid next to

it, and then dump that heat by pumping the vapour elsewhere and condensing it.

This method of pumping heat from one place to another served mankind well when

refrigerators' main jobs were preserving food and, as air conditioners, cooling

buildings. Today's high-tech world, however, demands high-tech refrigeration.

Heat pumps are no longer up to the job. The search is on for something to

replace them.

2 One set of candidates are known as paraelectric materials. These act like

batteries when they undergo a temperature change: attach electrodes to them and

they generate a current. This effect is used in infra-red cameras. An array of

tiny pieces of paraelectric material can sense the heat radiated by, for

example, a person, and the pattern of the array's electrical outputs can then be

used to construct an image. But until recently no one had bothered much with the

inverse of this process. That inverse exists, however. Apply an appropriate

current to a paraelectric material and it will cool down.

3 Someone who is looking at this inverse effect is Alex Mischenko, of

Cambridge University. Using commercially available paraelectric film, he and his

colleagues have generated temperature drops five times bigger than any

previously recorded. That may be enough to change the phenomenon from a

laboratory curiosity to something with commercial applications.

4 As to what those applications might be, Dr Mischenko is still a little

hazy. He has, nevertheless, set up a company to pursue them. He foresees putting

his discovery to use in more efficient domestic fridges and air conditioners.

The real money, though, may be in cooling computers.

5 Gadgets containing microprocessors have been getting hotter for a long

time. One consequence of Moore's Law, which describes the doubling of the number

of transistors on a chip every 18 months, is that the amount of heat produced

doubles as well. In fact, it more than doubles, because besides increasing in

number, the components are getting faster. Heat is released every time a logical

operation is performed inside a microprocessor, so the faster the processor is,

the more heat it generates. Doubling the frequency quadruples the heat output.

And the frequency has doubled a lot. The first Pentium chips sold by Dr Moore's

company, Intel, in 1993, ran at 60m cycles a second. The Pentium 4--the last

"single-core" desktop processor--clocked up 3.2 billion cycles a second.

6 Disposing of this heat is a big obstruction to further miniaturisation and

higher speeds. The innards of a desktop computer commonly hit 80℃. At 85℃, they

stop working. Tweaking the processor's heat sinks (copper or aluminium boxes

designed to radiate heat away) has reached its limit. So has tweaking the fans

that circulate air over those heat sinks. And the idea of shifting from

single-core processors to systems that divided processing power between first

two, and then four, subunits, in order to spread the thermal load, also seems to

have the end of the road in sight.

7 One way out of this may be a second curious physical phenomenon, the

thermoelectric effect. Like paraelectric materials, this generates electricity

from a heat source and produces cooling from an electrical source. Unlike

paraelectrics, a significant body of researchers is already working on it.

8 The trick to a good thermoelectric material is a crystal structure in which

electrons can flow freely, but the path of phonons--heat-carrying vibrations

that are larger than electrons--is constantly interrupted. In practice, this

trick is hard to pull off, and thermoelectric materials are thus less efficient

than paraelectric ones (or, at least, than those examined by Dr Mischenko).

Nevertheless, Rama Venkatasubramanian, of Nextreme Thermal Solutions in North

Carolina, claims to have made thermoelectric refrigerators that can sit on the

back of computer chips and cool hotspots by 10℃. Ali Shakouri, of the University

of California, Santa Cruz, says his are even smaller--so small that they can go

inside the chip.

9 The last word in computer cooling, though, may go to a system even less

techy than a heat pump--a miniature version of a car radiator. Last year Apple

launched a personal computer that is cooled by liquid that is pumped through

little channels in the processor, and thence to a radiator, where it gives up

its heat to the atmosphere. To improve on this, IBM's research laboratory in

Zurich is experimenting with tiny jets that stir the liquid up and thus make

sure all of it eventually touches the outside of the channel--the part where the

heat exchange takes place. In the future, therefore, a combination of

microchannels and either thermoelectrics or paraelectrics might cool computers.

The old, as it were, hand in hand with the new.(830 words)

2.雅思阅读题目

Questions 1-5

Complete each of the following statements with the scientist or company name

from the box below.

Write the appropriate letters A-F in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.

A. Apple

B. IBM

C. Intel

D. Alex Mischenko

E. Ali Shakouri

F. Rama Venkatasubramanian

1. ...and his research group use paraelectric film available from the market

to produce cooling.

2. ...sold microprocessors running at 60m cycles a second in 1993.

3. ...says that he has made refrigerators which can cool the hotspots of

computer chips by 10℃.

4. ...claims to have made a refrigerator small enough to be built into a

computer chip.

5. ...attempts to produce better cooling in personal computers by stirring up

liquid with tiny jets to make sure maximum heat exchange.

Questions 6-9

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading

passage?

In boxes 6-9 on your answer sheet write

TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage

FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage

NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

6. Paraelectric materials can generate a current when electrodes are attached

to them.

7. Dr. Mischenko has successfully applied his laboratory discovery to

manufacturing more efficient referigerators.

8. Doubling the frequency of logical operations inside a microprocessor

doubles the heat output.

9. IBM will achieve better computer cooling by combining microchannels with

paraelectrics.

Question 10

Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in box 10 on your answer

sheet.

10. Which method of disposing heat in computers may have a bright

prospect?

A. Tweaking the processors?heat sinks.

B. Tweaking the fans that circulate air over the processor抯 heat sinks.

C. Shifting from single-core processors to systems of subunits.

D. None of the above.

Questions 11-14

Complete the notes below.

Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.

Traditional refrigerators use...11...pumps to drop temperature. At present,

scientists are searching for other methods to produce refrigeration, especially

in computer microprocessors....12...materials have been tried to generate

temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded. ...13...effect

has also been adopted by many researchers to cool hotspots in computers. A

miniature version of a car ...14... may also be a system to realize ideal

computer cooling in the future.

翻页查看答案