2018年7月21日雅思阅读机经预测（A类考试适用）

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文章题目

The

influence of social network to people's loneliness

重复年份

20140920 20130622

题材

人文社科

题型

配对6+选择4+判断4

文章大意

社交媒体对人孤独的影响.越来越多的人开始使用社交媒体，有些人认为社交媒体使人变得更加孤独，有些人却不同意。在大学生中做了一个调查，结果表明孤独感与人们花时间在社交媒体上无关。社交媒体会使人变得焦虑，也会让人上瘾。

参考阅读：

Ethan Kross, a psychologist at the University of

Michigan, suggests that his recent research shows that online social media

use, rather than making us as users feel inter-connected, contributes to

overall life dis-satisfaction and loneliness.

This side-effect can have drastic results,

considering over 1.1 billion users around the world are linked up on Facebook

alone.

The study monitored 82 participants’ feelings and

well-being, compared to their social media use, over a long period of time.

This kind of LONG TERM comparative research was the first of its kind to be

conducted.

The main correlation result was: the more time spent

on social media, the less happy you will be over time.

A separate study in 2010 conducted by Carnegie

Mellon University discovered that when users are DIRECTLY interacting with

social media friends, such as posting pictures and status updates, tagging

photos, or liking things, their sociability and well-being increased.

However, the dangerous part of our social media use

stems from the time we are passively consuming social media content, which

represents a majority of user time spent on these platforms. This passive

consumption of other peoples idealized vacations, days off, meals,

boyfriends, family, etc. led users to feel lonely and unsatisfied with their

own lives, despite how eschewed this perception of others lives ACTUALLY is.

Thus, social media has forced us to face a grave

paradox: social media claims to be the platform that can connect users with

their friends, family, community and the like within seconds, and this is

true; however, never before have we experienced more isolation than we are

now as a result. Our obsession with our digital social media lives is

beginning to take precedence over our physical, here-and-now lives, resulting

in our inability to interact with real people, and enjoy life’s current

moments without being distracted by how this will be portrayed on social

media.

文章题目

Expert

in musician

重复年份

20160130 20140517

题材

人文社科

题型

选择4+判断6+填空4

文章大意

天赋是遗传先天的还是靠练习，主要以音乐为例。讨论坚持不懈对成功的作用和他们的关系。首先探讨了毅力是否是成功的必要条件，并阐述了众多学家就此提出的各类观点。在论证天才是不是也需要坚持不懈时，举例了莫扎特一个人坚持找工作的过程。最后证明了坚持不懈和成功的关系密切。

部分参考答案：

选择：

1.what's the

definition of talent in the first paragraph

brain structure different from others

2.what can

we learn from violin players?

Not sure the change of brain size is the cause of effect of practice

3.the result of

findings by experts suggest

Talent may have little to do with ....

判断题：

1. ericsson's

study has influenced other researchers.NG

2.the other

areas have one thing in common.Y

3.whose who

becoe world scale practice regularly every dayNG

4.anyone

who practiced over 10.000 will become a talentN

5.current

learning and cognitive skills support the practice theoryY

填空题：

Receive a lot ofpractice from

his father. .... first symphony at the age of four....no官方真题Officialpular...but notinherited.

文章题目

Consumer

advertisement

重复年份

20160305 20141002

题材

商业

题型

判断7+填空6

文章大意

消费者广告。过度广告会造成消费者对广告无感，有时候还会起到适得其反的作用。广告设计如何才有吸引力，更能有效宣传

参考阅读：

The report was published in Vietnam e-Business Index

(EBI) 2015 and made public at a recent press conference to introduce the

Vietnam Online Marketing Forum to be held late this August. The EBI 2015 was

based on a survey among 5,000 enterprises across the country, up nearly 50

percent, compared to 2014.

According to Nguyen Thanh Hung, chairman of the Vietnam e-Commerce

Association (VECOM), the EBI 2015 indicated that the number of e-commerce

transactions grew sharply against 2014 and transactions were diversified.

However, e-commerce businesses have yet to work out effective solutions to

win consumer confidence.

Tuan Ha, CEO of Vinalink said online marketing has seen a rapid increase. In

2015, to better serve customers, businesses invested more in applications for

e-commerce on mobile phones with a growth of 200 percent. Many online

marketing agencies have been used by sellers such as Facebook, Google, and

Over-The-Top (OTT) application.

According to a survey made by VECOM, government agencies and businesses (G2B)

have made significant progress. Some 26 percent of websites launched mobile

platforms last year. However, they lacked able human resources and did not

pay much for the e-commerce performance.

Under the survey, 95 percent of businesses used email in their business

activities. The ratio of businesses using email to make business contracts

has been growing in the last three years while the ratio of businesses using

email to advertise or introduce their products has been going down. It

clearly reflects a new trend in online advertising.

Some 53 percent of surveyed businesses said they spent below VND10

million (US$444) on online marketing, or equivalent to 2014. It said 12

percent of surveyed businesses spending more than VND50 million on online

marketing.

The most popular marketing social channels are social networks, search

engines, e-newspapers and emails. Marketing through search engines has been

rated as the one with highest efficiency.

Some 30 percent of businesses said advertisements on search tools gained high

efficiency. It is 25 percent of advertisements on social networks. Only 14

percent of surveyed businesses said that advertisements on mobile phones

brought high efficiency, while 38 percent of surveyed businesses said

advertisements on mobile phones brought low efficiency.

This result was similar to the Nielsen Global Trust in Advertising Survey, Q1

2015. The report showed that Vietnamese consumers believed mostly in

advertisements on search engines. It is followed by social networking, online

videos, online banners, while the lowest ratio is on advertisements on mobile

devices.

Nguyen Trong Tho, CEO of iNet said Facebook video commercials have been very

effective for sellers and are better than image advertisements.

According to industry insiders, online marketing has an intimate relationship

with online shopping, but many Vietnamese firms do not pay their attention to

this. Some businesses have already used online marketing services but it has

seen low efficiency. On the other hand, Vietnamese businesses still largely

depend on a small number of providers for cross-border advertising services.

The local market share of online marketing is quite modest.

According to eMarketer, an independent market research company that provides

insights and trends related to digital marketing, media and commerce, the

global spending ratio for online marketing account is high, and this spending

is growing. In the Asia-Pacific region, this ratio was 32.3 percent in 2015

and it is estimated to increase by 36.3 percent in 2016.

EMarketer predicts that this year, spending on online marketing will

reach US$2.9 billion in Thailand, US$2.7 billion in Indonesia, and US$7

billion in India. In the United States, online advertising will increase 15.4

percent this year and will achieve sales revenue of more than US$68 billion,

accounting for 32.6 percent of the entire advertising market

To spur online marketing, industry insiders said businesses need to pay much

attention to investment, strategy, and product. The success in online

marketing is to maintain connection with customers and sell products on their

e-commerce websites and social networks.

文章题目

Children

and robots

重复年份

20160305 20141002

题材

科技

题型

小标题5+配对5+填空3

文章大意

机器人对孩子学习的影响。主要讲到把机器人放在学校可以辅助老师还有陪学生玩，还可以让它们拥有表情促进交流，但是过度使用可能会造成伦理问题，此外还提到了几个科学家和他们的观点。

参考阅读：

Robotics is making inroads into society, not only in factories and

industry but also in homes and schools, where social robots are helping

children cope better with conditions such as diabetes and autism.

A robot and child

Studies show that interaction with a robot can benefit children with

certain medical conditions such as diabetes, as well as autism and other

developmental disorders. (Image: ALIZ-E project.)

This week, thousands of people – young and old – are exploring the

weirdness and wonders of robotics technology during the European Robotics

Week, which is taking place in labs, museums, public squares and schools all

over Europe.

But robotics offers more than just show and tell. It can make a real

difference in the lives of children who, for example, struggle with diabetes

or autism, or need extra help in the classroom.

‘Nao’ the friendly (but not

perfect) robot

Recently, scientists showed that social robots can help diabetic

children accept the nature of their condition and become more confident about

their futures. In the four-and-a-half year ALIZ-E project, a research team

led by Plymouth University studied the interactions between hundreds of

European children aged 7-11 and a robot prototype called ‘Nao’.

Standing around 60 centimetres tall and featuring specially designed

speech recognition software, ‘Nao’ helped the youngsters in keeping a diary

of food intake, insulin injections and blood sugar levels. Through quizzes

and games it also helped the kids to better understand diabetes and the huge

amount of information they are given.

According to ALIZ-E leader Tony Belpaeme, the robot is not just a

novelty factor to catch the children’s attention but a tool to engage and

motivate them. “In many cases where a child has diabetes, you notice their

confidence has been knocked and the robot can help restore that. By

personalising its responses and recognising the children it has met before,

the robots can support and educate, and we have seen many times the positive

impact this is having on children and their families,” Belpaeme says in a

Plymouth University news release.

The European Commission-funded study has not only shed light on how

children relate to social robots, but also how robots need to be designed to

maximise their impact when used for educational or therapeutic purposes.

“The

robot needs to personalise what it does.

If it treats children on an individual level, they immediately relate

to it – it taps into our primitive need to interact and communicate,”

Belpaeme says in the release. “One of the things that does appeal to children

is that the robot makes mistakes – if it never did so, it could become

intimidating. It does make the child realise they too don’t have to be

perfect all of the time.”

Robots to assist autistic children

The researchers also showed the robots have potential to act as

classroom assistants helping pupils who may be in danger of falling behind

their peers. The team is now exploring additional uses for the robots, for

instance to help children on the autistic spectrum.

“Our

initial work shows it could have an incredibly positive impact on those

children, and given that autism can impact heavily on someone’s ability to

communicate and build relationships, we now need to establish why it seems

they can relate to a tiny robot. From that, we can explore how widely we can

use the robot as a therapeutic tool and can we, in fact, use it to teach

about wider social interactions,” Belpaeme says.

As shown in a number of recent reports by the BBC, there is indeed

growing evidence that robots can help autistic children not only to learn but

also to improve their communication skills.

文章题目

Typography

Introduction of Printed books

重复年份

20160312 20110127

题材

发展史

题型

判断4+填空9

文章大意

活字印刷的历史。两个德国人去Italy的一个地方，后来又搬去了罗马，之后很多商人就开始注意到印刷的潜在经济价值。

参考答案：

判断题：

1. Early books have

many errors–F

2.活字印刷里就记得在M**某个地方只有富人才买得起书–T

3.刚开始printing的书，插图illustration–T

4. Business man in

Roma begin to notice the value of printing can make moneyF

填空题：

5.类似流程图从上往下一步步说怎么印刷

6-7.Assembling Fonts:sheet of

paper

8.第1版是用来更正错误的proof

reading

9.types……pages

are in right sequence

10.Local newspapers做宣传

11-12.问两种印刷方法的单词:bindingandsimulating

13. They lived very

near to the book industry

文章题目

Fluoridation

in the water

重复年份

20160312 20140719

20130119

题材

医疗健康

题型

选择题3+判断6+句子填空5

文章大意

本文讲述了氟化物添加对健康影响。对要不要对饮用水进行氟化处理，学者有两派不同的意见。

部分参考答案：

选择题：

1.How hot is the areaA

2.People should not be

forced to take compulsory medication

3.To demonstrate that

scientists’ finding will be influenced by social factors

判断题：

4.待补充

5.Science should not

decide policy

6.Scientific and

social factors should be separated No

7.Many sociologist

ignore S’s study

8.S work was not emphasized

by sicnetists outside the northern America NG

9. Both supporters and

opponents have made valid argument.YES

填空题：

10.Science is

objective and unbiased

11.Can be affected by social factors

12.Scientific discovery cannot be understood at first

13.Cautious action is not necessary

14.People should have the right to choose

文章题目

Undergraduate students

study dramas

重复年份

20160331 20141018

题材

人文社科

题型

暂无

文章大意

文学专业学生的课程指南，提到了让学生观看英国不同时期剧院中的戏剧，并列举了不同时期四种剧院的特点。

参考阅读：

Medieval period

Main article:

Medieval theatre

By the medieval

period, the mummers' plays had developed, a form of early street theatre

associated with the Morris dance, concentrating on themes such as Saint

George and the Dragon and Robin Hood. These were folk tales re-telling old

stories, and the actors travelled from town to town performing these for

their audiences in return for money and hospitality.

Renaissance: Elizabethan and Jacobean periods

The period known as

the English Renaissance, approximately 1500—1660, saw a flowering of the

drama and all the arts. The two candidates for the earliest comedy in English

Nicholas Udall's Ralph Roister Doister (c. 1552) and the anonymous Gammer

Gurton's Needle (c. 1566), belong to the 16th century.

During the reign of

Elizabeth I (1558–1603) and then James I (1603–25), in the late 16th and

early 17th century, a London-centred culture, that was both courtly and

popular, produced great poetry and drama. The English playwrights were

intrigued by Italian model: a conspicuous community of Italian actors had

settled in London. The linguist and lexicographer John Florio (1553–1625),

whose father was Italian, was a royal language tutor at the Court of James I,

and a possible friend of and influence on William Shakespeare, had brought

much of the Italian language and culture to England. He was also the

translator of Montaigne into English. The earliest Elizabethan plays includes

Gorboduc (1561) by Sackville and Norton and Thomas Kyd's (1558–94) revenge

tragedy The Spanish Tragedy (1592), that influenced Shakespeare's Hamlet.

17th and 18th centuries

Aphra Behn was the

first professional English woman playwright.

During the

Interregnum 1649—1660, English theatres were kept closed by the Puritans for

religious and ideological reasons. When the London theatres opened again with

the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, they flourished under the personal

interest and support of Charles II. Wide and socially mixed audiences were

attracted by topical writing and by the introduction of the first professional

actresses (in Shakespeare's time, all female roles had been played by boys).

New genres of the Restoration were heroic drama, pathetic drama, and

Restoration comedy. Notable heroic tragedies of this period include John

Dryden's All for Love (1677) and Aureng-zebe (1675), and Thomas Otway's

Venice Preserved (1682). The Restoration plays that have best retained the

interest of producers and audiences today are the comedies, such as George

Etherege's The Man of Mode (1676), William Wycherley's The Country Wife

(1676), John Vanbrugh's The Relapse (1696), and William Congreve's The Way of

the World (1700). This period saw the first professional woman playwright,

Aphra Behn, author of many comedies including The Rover (1677). Restoration

comedy is famous or notorious for its sexual explicitness, a quality

encouraged by Charles II (1660–1685) personally and by the rakish

aristocratic ethos of his court.

Victorian era

A change came in the

Victorian era with a profusion on the London stage of farces, musical burlesques,

extravaganzas and comic operas that competed with Shakespeare productions and

serious drama by the likes of James Planché and Thomas William Robertson. In

1855, the German Reed Entertainments began a process of elevating the level

of (formerly risqué) musical theatre in Britain that culminated in the famous

series of comic operas by Gilbert and Sullivan and were followed by the 1890s

with the first Edwardian musical comedies. W. S. Gilbert and Oscar Wilde were

leading poets and dramatists of the late Victorian period.[16] Wilde's plays,

in particular, stand apart from the many now forgotten plays of Victorian

times and have a much closer relationship to those of the Edwardian

dramatists such as Irishman George Bernard Shaw and Norwegian Henrik Ibsen.

文章题目

Unique

golden textile

重复年份

20160421 20131121

题材

工业

题型

小标题6+人名配对4+填空3

文章大意

蜘蛛丝与纺织品。文章讲述了golden spider是如何在体内把Liquid silk转化为solid silk的过程，文章中提到了一些科学家针对蜘蛛做的实验，如何提高capacity。在结尾两段讲述了关于spider silk的医学应用及市场的积极前景。

参考答案：

小标题：

i experiment of an old idea

ii life cycle of Madagascar spiders

iii advances in textile industry

iv resources to meet demands

v physical property of spider silk

vi scientific analysis spider silk

vii work of art

viii importance of silk textile

ix difficult to raise spider in capacity

14. Paragraph A viii

15. Paragraph B v

16. Paragraph C ix

17. Paragraph D i

18. Paragraph E iv

19. Paragraph F vii

人名配对4：

A. Simon Peers B.

Nicholas Godlley C. Blackledge

20. need tremendous spider to make a small

amount of spider silk B

21 Scientists want qualities of spider silk

for medical use A

22 Scientists make progress to manufacture

spider silk C

23 spider silk materials are be of strength A

填空3：

24. grow silk by introduce genetic material intobacteriaand animals

25. Silk come from liquid protein made in aglandinside of bodies.

26. Spider silk spins cause force to make liquid turn to solid silk.

文章题目

British

Woodlands

重复年份

20160430 20120421

题材

自然环境

题型

段落细节配对7+选词填空7

文章大意

讲的是英国森林的演变利用和最后的管理，大致文章脉络是在人类的入侵之前英国的植被覆盖情况，工业革命之后，人们对森林的掠夺从以燃烧原料和建筑材料为目的到了以工业发展为目的，后来人们意识到保护森林的重要，开始投入人力物力进行保护。

部分答案参考：

段落细节配对：

27 a description of careless

working practices that harm woodlandF

28 details of landscape prior

to human interventionB

29 arguments against cash

rewardsH

30 a botanical source of

evidence for the appearance of primitive woodlandB

31 reasons for reduced economic

importance of woodlandE

32 a reason for recent

improvements of woodland managementG

33 an implication for people of

unhealthy treeA

选词填空：

Evolution of British Woodland

When woodland started to grow after last Ice Age. certain 34.speciesnaturally

dominated certain regions of Britain. People then intervened to reduce the

woodland by using grazing animals and methods such as 35.burningand coppicing. An increasing number of trees

have been grown to meet the demand of 36.Industry

Situations of woodland in Britain deteriorated due to the use of 37. I

and the rigid 38.plantingpatterns of woodland.

Such practices also destroyed the 39.habitsG

of animals and other wildlife.

However, in the twentieth century, the state of woodland in Britain

has been improved. 40.grantsavailable for

fund encourage people to plant trees in good quality.

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